Anti-Inflammatory Activity Study of Baby Coconut Herbal Oil in Different Base Oils

Aneesha S; Dr Ankit Singh; Prasanth VV

doi:10.61280/tjpls.v13i2.236

Aneesha S Sri JJT University, Rajasthan
Dr Ankit Singh Sri JJT University, Rajasthan
Prasanth VV Sri JJT University, Rajasthan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61280/tjpls.v13i2.236

Keywords:

Baby coconut, Cocos nucifera, Herbal oil, Anti-Inflammatory activity, Sesame oil, Mustard oil, COX inhibition, LOX inhibition, Myeloperoxidase, Nitrite levels, RAW 264.7 macrophages, Pharmacognosy, In Vitro Assay, IC₅₀, stability study

Abstract

Background: Baby coconut (Cocos nucifera), a drupe rich in bioactive compounds, holds traditional promise for anti-inflammatory applications. This study evaluated herbal oils incorporating baby coconut ethyl acetate extracts in coconut, sesame, and mustard oil bases.

Methods: Herbal oils (F1: coconut; F2: sesame; F3: mustard) were prepared via 11-cycle infusion (12-15 days, 75-80°C) and standardized for acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, refractive index, and specific gravity. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was assessed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages using COX, LOX, MPO inhibition, and nitrite assays (25-100 µg/mL). Stability was monitored over 30 days.

Results: All formulations showed dose-dependent inhibition. Sesame oil-based F2 excelled overall: IC₅₀ values—COX: 122.02 µg/mL, LOX: 94.02 µg/mL, MPO: 63.25 µg/mL; nitrite reduction at 100 µg/mL: 373.23 µg. Mustard oil (F3) led in COX (101.15 µg/mL) and nitrite (311.35 µg), coconut (F1) in stability. Sesame offered balanced potency via sesamin/sesamolin; coconut resisted oxidation best.

Conclusion: Sesame oil-based baby coconut herbal oil demonstrates superior multi-target anti-inflammatory efficacy, validating traditional uses for skin inflammations. Coconut base ensures stability, suggesting hybrid formulations. Findings support advancement to in vivo/clinical studies for natural cosmeceuticals.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Aneesha S, Sri JJT University, Rajasthan

Scholar

References

Naik, B. A., Kumar, V. B, and Gupta, A. K. (2023). Valorization of tender coconut mesocarp for the formulation of ready to eat dairy based dessert (Kheer):- Utilization of industrial by product, Journal of agriculture and food research, 12, 1-11.

Ceylon Coeon. Quart. (1969) 20, 123-130 AESTIVATION OF COCONUT FLOWERS By T. A. DAVIS, Crop Science Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta

Ng, Y. J., Tham, P. E., Khoo, K. S., Cheng, C. K., Chew, K. W., & Show, P. L. (2021). A comprehensive review on the techniques for coconut oil extraction and its application. Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 44(9), 1807–1818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-021-02577-9

Chouhan, H.S., and Singh, S.K. (2011). Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Phyllanthus Simplex, journal of ethnopharmacology, 137, 1337-1344. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.069

Lima, E. B. C., Sousa, C. N. S., Meneses, L. N., Ximenes, N. C., Santos, M. A. B., Vasconcelos, S. M. M., & de Patrocínio, M. C. A. (2015). Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 48(11), 967–979. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20155029

De, B., & Basu, P. S. (2012). Enzymatic hydrolysis of mustard oil using porcine pancreatic lipase: Optimization and characterization. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49(4), 456–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-010-0195-8

Jain, V. K., & others. (2015). Analysis of herbal/medicated oils: Standardization parameters including specific gravity, acid value, saponification value, ester value, peroxide value, iodine value, and refractive index. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry (or similar pharmacognosy journal), 4(3), 45-52.

Shi, Y., et al. (2016). Sesame oil ameliorates LPS-induced inflammatory responses by attenuating MAPK/NF-κB activation and myeloperoxidase activity in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of Functional Foods, 23, 123-132.

Thakur, L., Ghodasra, U., Patel, N., & Dabhi, M. (2011). Novel approaches for stability improvement in natural medicines. Pharmacognosy reviews, 5(9), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.79099